Practical refactoring

What is refactoring ?

It’s about improving code. Highlights being:

• Good communication via
  • Removing duplication
  • Improving names
  • Organizing
• Easy to understand, test and re-use via
  • Making everything small so they have a single purpose (classes, methods, services, etc..)
  • Decoupling and minimizing the number of dependencies

Why refactor ?

Refactoring reduces the risk of change, while improving the ease of change.

Working in clean code is fun, it makes you more productive and happy.

Refactoring makes:

• software easier to extend
• maintaining existing code less vague
• hunting bugs less frequent and easier to isolate.
• finding where to make changes more discoverable

When to refactor ?

Now is always the best time. There often won’t be time to do it later, and big bang refactorings seldom demonstrate immediate business value.

Build the house you want to live in

They boy scout rule - “Always leave the campground cleaner than you found it”

Adding new features or changing existing behavior of software increases it’s complexity, and the system becomes more and more difficult to change each time. The only way to keep software maleable is by recognizing the need to reduce complexity. The value of refactoring, is to support a sustainable pace of development - so that you (or the next person) in a future not too far from now can work on the software with continued momentum.

Clean code minimizes the time spent from looking at code for the first time to making a confident change.

But how do you know which parts of code to clean, how will you know where refactoring will help the most?

Where to refactor

You have the most information about where to streamline components the moment you interact with them. This applies to the code you just wrote, but equally so to nearby existing code. Follow the principle “If you touch it, clean it.” In this way the same code that gets worked on/with many times won’t be a hindrance. Conversely, code that doesn’t get worked on/with frequently won’t be refactored beyond what is practically meaningful.

When touching the same code many times, think about how you can separate the parts that change from the parts that stay the same. If you refactor while you code, you also have a much better idea of how to improve the code while you still have all the context fresh in your mind.

In conclusion

Prefer floss refactoring over root canal refactoring.

To keep things simple - cultivate the habit to clean as you go, even if it’s just renaming a variable or deleting unused code :)

- Christoph @ideaflare